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Over-exposure occurs when the image receives too much light; it results in a loss of resolution (very fine detail), more graininess
and less detail in highlight areas. Under-exposure occurs when the image receives too little light; it results in loss of
detail in the subject’s shaded areas, which can become dark and featureless.
Exposure problems can be avoided by conforming to the recommended lighting arrangement (Figure 1) and using diffuse light
sources of moderate lamp intensity.
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Illuminating the background is best accomplished with a light source that spreads illumination evenly over a wide area.
Correct positioning of back-lighting, below the subject and radiating up, will reduce or remove shadows from the background
without affecting the amount of light incident on the subject.
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To avoid shadows on the face, the amount of light striking a subject''s face from two sides, should be equal. In a balanced
lighting arrangement, if one of the two light sources is of a lower intensity, move it closer to the subject to offset the
difference in light intensity.
Overhead lighting can produce unwanted shadows on the face and should be avoided whether balanced lighting is used or not.
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